A recent analysis of more than four million medical records has revealed that people who use cannabis are four times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those who never use the drug. The study, presented at the 2025 European Association for the Study of Diabetes conference, followed nearly a hundred thousand cannabis users and over four million non‑users for five years.
How the Research Was Done
Researchers from Boston Medical Center examined medical data from 54 healthcare organizations across the United States and Europe. They identified almost 97,000 patients with documented cannabis use and matched them with 4.16 million patients who had no record of using cannabis. After five years of follow‑up, the incidence of type 2 diabetes among users was 2.2 %, compared with 0.6 % among non‑users—a clear and striking association.
Why Cannabis Might Increase Diabetes Risk
The study points to two plausible mechanisms:
Insulin Resistance and Fat Storage
Cannabis activates specific receptors in the body that promote the accumulation of visceral fat and reduce insulin sensitivity. These changes are well-known risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
Unhealthy Eating Habits
Cannabis is known to heighten the reward value of high‑calorie foods, a phenomenon often referred to as the “munchies.” Overeating can overwork the pancreas, spike blood sugar, and lead to weight gain and metabolic stress that underlie diabetes.
The Growing Legal Landscape
As of now, 24 U.S. states allow recreational cannabis use. Roughly 52.5 million Americans—about 19 % of the population—have tried cannabis at least once since 2021. Meanwhile, 38.4 million U.S. adults live with type 2 diabetes, a number that is rising in tandem with obesity and an aging population.
What This Means for Patients
Discuss Your Risk – If you’re a regular cannabis user, talk to your doctor about your diabetes risk.
Mind Your Diet – Pair cannabis use with balanced, low‑sugar meals to offset the “munchies” effect.
Stay Active – Regular exercise can help maintain insulin sensitivity and counteract fat accumulation.
Bottom Line
The data show a strong association between cannabis use and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. While the study does not prove causation, it underscores the need for preventive conversations between patients and healthcare providers in a country where cannabis is becoming ever more mainstream.
Medical Disclaimer
The information in this article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It is not a substitute for a professional health assessment or personalized guidance from a qualified healthcare provider. Please consult your doctor or another qualified health professional before making any decisions based on this or any other health information.
